Abstract
Abstract1‐(‐2‐Pyridylazo)‐2‐naphthol (PAN) forms stable complexes with many metals of environmental interest. A few micrograms of PAN were immobilized in a Nafion membrane, the membrane was put on quartz reflectors and the reflectors were immersed in standard aqueous solutions containing nickel, copper, manganese and vanadium salts at very low concentrations (µg l−1 level). The reflectors were left in the solutions for many hours at constant temperature. When the equilibration stage was finished, they were cleaned with ultra‐pure water and left to dry. Analysis of the samples was performed by total reflection x‐ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometry. A few µg l−1 of the above metals were determined. The effects of equilibration time and temperature on the measured x‐ray yields were examined. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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