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Abstract
The percentage of penetration in renewable energy generation (REG) in distribution networks has dramatically increased. Variable speed seawater pumped storage, which has a large power controllable range and flexible modes of operation, is an important tool to be applied in distribution networks to realize peak shaving and valley filling, and to mitigate the negative effects of REG. This paper presents a two-stage coordinated optimal scheduling model for the day-ahead and real-time operation of active distribution networks containing seawater pumped storage, REG, and flexible loads. In the model, seawater pumped storage and flexible loads are dispatched in the first day-ahead stage based on short-term forecast information of REG and load demands to minimize total operational costs. Then in the second real-time stage, the operation schedule of seawater pumped storage is adjusted to mitigate the negative effects of forecast errors of REG on the operation of active distribution networks. Network nodes power quality is improved and power loss is reduced. Applying the model, disadvantages of low accuracy short-term forecast are minimized whereas advantages of high accuracy ultra-short term forecast are fully taken. This model is tested using a modified Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 33-bus system. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Highlights
There are rich renewable energy resources in China offshore
Compared with traditional pumped storage, offshore ocean is used as the lower reservoir for variable speed seawater pumped storage
The dispatch schedule is made in day-ahead for seawater pumped storage and renewable energy has not yet utilized their potential capabilities to increase the performances and economics of active distribution networks adequately
Summary
There are rich renewable energy resources in China offshore. In recent years, the percentage of penetration in renewable energy in distribution networks has increased dramatically [1,2,3]. The dispatch schedule is made in day-ahead for seawater pumped storage and renewable energy has not yet utilized their potential capabilities to increase the performances and economics of active distribution networks adequately. A two-stage scheduling method is proposed, because it has high computation efficiency and takes advantages of the flexibility of seawater pumped storage and flexible loads to dispatch the active distribution networks. A two-stage scheduling method considering variable speed seawater pumped storage, flexible loads, and REG in active distribution networks is presented. Both advantages of day-ahead and real-time scheduling are fully utilized and exploited.
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