Two-layer Scheduling of Aggregated Electric Vehicles and Thermostatically Controlled Loads in Micro-grid

Abstract

This paper presents a hierarchical optimal dispatch of the electric vehicles (EVs) and thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) in micro-grid. In the proposed framework, The EVs are aggregated as physical energy storage and the TCLs are aggregated as virtual energy storage. At the bottom level of the proposed model, aggregators optimize the dispatch of EVs and TCLs based on their individual information. At the top layer, wind power and thermal generators are centrally scheduled based on the conventional market-clearing model. The IEEE 30-bus system is used to verify the proposed framework. Simulation results reveal that the scalability issue of single-level centralized dispatch can be well addressed and reduce the emission in whole system. The combination of the EVs and the TCLs also brings economic benefits as well.