Two-dimensional titanium carbide electrode with large mass loading for supercapacitor

Abstract

Layered titanium carbide (Ti3C2) has been synthesized by exfoliation of ternary carbides Ti3AlC2 and evaluated as working electrodes with different mass loading from 1.8 mg to 7.6 mg. The effect of mass loading on the electrochemical properties of Ti3C2 electrodes was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) and impedance spectrum test. With increasing of Ti3C2 mass from 1.8 to 7.6 mg/cm2 in electrode, the specific capacitance calculated from the CV curves at 2 mV/s decreases at first from 117 to 78 F/g then maintains at 76 F/g, while areal capacitance increases from 211 to 579 mF/cm2. Moreover, both electrodes with low mass loading (1.8 mg) and large mass loading (7.6 mg) have delivered good cycling performances with capacitance retention of 97% and 98% after 10000 cycles. These results indicate that large mass loading electrode retains high specific capacitance and good cycling stability, due to the excellent electronic conductivity and layered structure of Ti3C2.