Abstract
We investigated the atomic arrangements and phase diagrams of single and binary two-dimensional (2D) films of Pb and Sn on Ru(0001) using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The Pb films formed the (√7×√7) and c(2×4) structures in the saturated and unsaturated coverages, respectively, and their arrangements of Pb atoms were identified as hexagonal and rectangular structures. The Sn films formed the c(2×8) and incommensurate (“√6×√3”), namely IC-1, at low coverages. Upon increasing the coverage, the IC-1 phase transformed into the commensurate (√7×√3) structure and gradually extended to an incommensurate (“√10×√3”) structure, namely IC-2, at saturated coverages. The atomic arrangements of the Sn atoms were primarily rectangular-like structures. The 2D binary film exhibited an incommensurate structure close to (√7×√7) at the Pb and Sn coverages of 0.15±0.05ML and 0.40±0.05ML, respectively. Atomically resolved STM images of the 2D binary films revealed a highly ordered hexagonal arrangement of Pb and Sn atoms with an average composition of PbSn3.
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