Two-year outcomes of internal fixation with femoral neck system in patients with femoral neck fracture in an Asian population

Abstract

BackgroundFemoral neck fractures (FNF) are one of the most common fractures, with a projected increase in incidence with population growth and ageing. The Femoral Neck System (FNS) launched in 2019 was developed specifically for fixation of FNF with the purported advantages of providing both angular and rotational stability. We report our experience with the FNS and evaluate its effectiveness and associated complications. MethodsA retrospective case series of 50 patients who underwent surgical fixation for FNF from August 2020 to October 2021 using the FNS in two Singapore tertiary institutions with at least 2 years follow-up were included. Clinical data (patients’ demographics, fracture classification, intra-operative and post-operative complications) were reviewed. Radiological analysis assessed the pre- and immediate post-operative garden alignment index (GAI) and presence of femoral neck shortening at 3 months. ResultsThe mean age was 63.5 years (SD 16.9, range 26–92). Five (10 %), 34 (68 %) and 11 (22 %) were ASA 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Twenty-four (48 %), 16 (32 %), 4 (8 %), and 6 (12 %) patients sustained Garden's 1, 2, 3 and 4 FNF respectively. The mean operative duration was 66.2 min (SD 20.5) and length of stay was 6.9 days (SD 4.6).The post-operative improvement in garden alignment index (GAI) was a mean of 9.1° (p < 0.001) on lateral view. The mean femoral neck shortening was 1.97 mm (SD 5.3) at 3 months. There were no intra-operative complications. Post-operatively, 1 (2 %) patient required blood transfusion, 1 (2 %) patient had implant cut-out and non-union managed non-operatively, 2 (4 %) patients developed avascular necrosis and required revision to total hip replacements. There were two (4 %) cases of 1-year mortality. ConclusionThe FNS achieved good outcomes with low rates of complications. The promising results justify its continued use and further evaluation in comparison to other devices.