Two-Stage Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch of Integrated Demand Response-Enabled Integrated Energy System with Ladder-Type Carbon Trading

Abstract

Driven by the goal of “carbon neutrality” and “emission peak”, effectively controlling system carbon emissions has become significantly important to governments around the world. To this end, a novel two-stage low-carbon economic scheduling framework that considers the coordinated optimization of ladder-type carbon trading and integrated demand response (IDR) is proposed in this paper for the integrated energy system (IES), where the first stage determines the energy consumption plan of users by leveraging the price-based electrical-heat IDR. In contrast, the second stage minimizes the system total cost to optimize the outputs of generations with consideration of the uncertainty of renewables. In addition, to fully exploit the system’s emission reduction potential, a carbon trading cost model with segmented CO2 emission intervals is built by introducing a reward-penalty ladder-type carbon trading mechanism, and the flexible thermal comfort elasticity of customers is taken into account by putting forward a predicted mean vote index on the load side. The CPLEX optimizer resolves the two-stage model, and the study results on a modified IES situated in North China show the proposed model can effectively reduce carbon emissions and guarantee economical efficiency operation of the system.