Abstract
Gasification of solid waste for energy has significant potential given an abundant feed supply and strong policy drivers. Nonetheless, significant ambiguities in the knowledge base are apparent. Consequently this study investigates sulphur mechanisms within a novel two stage fluid bed-plasma gasification process. This paper includes a detailed review of gasification and plasma fundamentals in relation to the specific process, along with insight on MSW based feedstock properties and sulphur pollutant therein. As a first step to understanding sulphur partitioning and speciation within the process, thermodynamic modelling of the fluid bed stage has been performed. Preliminary findings, supported by plant experience, indicate the prominence of solid phase sulphur species (as opposed to H2S) – Na and K based species in particular. Work is underway to further investigate and validate this.
Highlights
There are numerous materials with an organic content which may be suitable for gasification or other thermochemical processes.1 To date, most development has been on fossil fuels, with biomass and solid waste lagging (Childress, 2008)
Two stage process This study focuses on a two stage fluid bed gasifier – plasma converter process developed by Advanced Plasma Power (APP) (Fig. 2)
This is in agreement with APP plant experience, it contrasts with other researchers who specify that gaseous H2S is the main sulphur species (APP, 2010b) (Section 2.2.2)
Summary
There are numerous materials with an organic content (including fossil fuels, biomass and solid waste) which may be suitable for gasification or other thermochemical processes. To date, most development has been on fossil fuels, with biomass and solid waste lagging (Childress, 2008). There are numerous materials with an organic content (including fossil fuels, biomass and solid waste) which may be suitable for gasification or other thermochemical processes.. With reference to the overall project aim (Section 1), the following section looks at estimating the equilibrium distribution of sulphur and other major species between the gas and solid phase at the fluid bed gasifier stage of the APP process. This approach is in line with work done by Kuramochi and Kawamoto (2005) and Delay et al (2001). A temperature range of 700– 900 °C was chosen (i.e. in line with the fluid bed operating temperature), increasing at 50 °C intervals
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