Two Roads Diverged in the Yellow Wood of Incrementalism

Abstract

Two Cases, one of urban synoptic‐style planning, one of university strategic‐style planning, are reported and analyzed with reference to other planning styles. Planning style is identified as a key construct in a setf‐reinforcing loop connecting world view and organizational culture, all of which are considered as semantic systems. The evolution of organizational forms is traced to forecast the emergence of smart organizations as a result of the introduction of strategic planning. Recent events in the continuing case study are appended. [futures research, organizational culture change, planning styles, semantic systems, smart organizations]