Two-Photon Absorption and First Nonlinear Optical Properties of Ionic Octupolar Molecules: Structure−Function Relationships and Solvent Effects

Abstract

We present a quantum-chemical analysis of the two-photon absorption properties and first hyperpolarizabilities of a series of ionic octupolar molecules and a comparison of their characteristics with corresponding neutral molecules. The molecular geometries are obtained via BL3YP/6-31G (d,p) level optimization including the SCRF/PCM approach, while the dynamic NLO and two-photon absorption properties are calculated with the ZINDO/CV method including solvent effects. The effects of donor or acceptor substitution and elongation of the conjugation path length are established to demonstrate the engineering guidelines for enhancing two-photon absorption cross section and molecular optical nonlinearities. It is found that the chain length dependence of the two-photon absorption and the first nonlinearity follow the same trend, displaying a saturation limit at n = 5. The solvent induced effect on the two-photon absorption and NLO properties are studied using the ZINDO/CV/SCRF method. It has been observed that two-photon absorption and the first nonlinearity peaks at epsilon approximately = 20 and then decreases slightly, approaching saturation. We also compare our theoretical findings with the experimental results wherever available in the literature.