Abstract
The bellows control mechanism is one of the most critical control elements in the Joule–Thomson cryocooler. In the cool-down process, the interior gas of the bellows may reach liquefaction temperature, cause vapour–liquid two phase coexistence phenomena, and achieve the quick open/close control function of a J–T valve. This paper establishes a transient model of a simplified bellows mechanism, investigates the variation of the state properties of nitrogen inside the bellows, and its effects on the performance with different bellows stiffness in the cool-down process. According to the real shape and dimension, the two-phase model is put into a J–T cryocooler integrated model to accomplish the J–T cryocooler system simulation. To adopt the benefit of two-phase coexistence behavior effectively, a revised initial J–T valve design is also proposed in this work.
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