Abstract
Cytherois gajinensissp. nov. is described and Violacytherois sargassicola (Hiruta, 1976) is redescribed. The species have been collected from littoral and interstitial waters in South Korea. They belong to Cytheroisinae, one of the three Paradoxostomatidae subfamilies. Both species are the first taxonomic records of the subfamily in Korea. Taxonomic keys to the living Paradoxostomatidae genera are provided in an attempt to clarify the position of some of the currently included genera as well as a key to East Asian Cytheroisinae species in order to facilitate further biodiversity research in the region.
Highlights
The family Paradoxostomatidae comprises ostracods with a fragile, elongated, and laterally compressed carapace (Cohen et al 2007)
Male, dissected on one slide (NIBRIV0000813439) and shell on micropalaeontological slide; allotype, female, dissected on one slide and shell on micropalaeontological slide; paratypes: two males dissected on each slides and shell on micropalaeontological slides, one female dissected on one slide and shell on micropalaeontological slide and five specimens kept in a 2 ml vial
With the addition of Cytherois gajinensis there have been eleven Cytherois species described from East Asia, half of which are known from the shell only
Summary
The family Paradoxostomatidae comprises ostracods with a fragile, elongated, and laterally compressed carapace (Cohen et al 2007). Paradoxostomatidae is the only ostracod taxon in which the upper and lower lips are fused into a suctorial disk, functioning as piercing and/or sucking organs (Athersuch et al 1989) This enables animals to stick to the surface of seaweeds and, depending on the size of mouthparts, they specialize to different types of algae (Insafitri and Kamiya 2014). Members of Cytheroisinae are on the opposite end of the reduction of mandibula, with more robust coxa and the palp consisting of at least two segments and several setae. This subfamily includes the following genera: Cytherois Müller, 1884; Chelonocytherois, Flabellicytherois Schornikov, 1993, and Violacytherois Schornikov, 1993. Paradoxostoma Fischer, 1855, has been revised several times, and most recently by Schornikov and Keyser (2004) who erected five genera to mirror morphological diversity of this taxon
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