Two novel sequence variants in MSH2 gene in a patient who underwent cancer genetic counseling for a very early-onset epithelial ovarian cancer.

Matilde Pensabene,Sabino De Placido,Raffaella Liccardo,Chiara Carlomagno,Caterina Condello,Francesca Duraturo

doi:10.1186/s13053-016-0054-5

Matilde Pensabene, Sabino De Placido

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13053-016-0054-5

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Abstract

BackgroundEarly-onset or hereditary ovarian cancer is mostly associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Mismatch repair genes sequence alteration frequently cause colorectal cancer, and, in less extent, other tumors, such as ovarian cancer. Subjects with personal and/or family history suggestive for hereditary cancer should be addressed to cancer genetic counseling, aimed to the identification, definition and management of hereditary cancer syndrome, by a multidisciplinary approach.Case presentationA woman with a very early onset epithelial ovarian cancer underwent to cancer genetic counseling and genetic testing. Pedigree analysis suggested a clinical diagnosis of Lynch II syndrome, according to the Amsterdam criteria. The MMRpro model showed a cumulative risk of mutation of 50.3 %, thus, genetic testing was offered to the patient. Two germ-line mutations have been identified in exon 11 of MSH2 gene: c.1706A > T (p.Glu569Val) and c.1711G > T (p.Glu571*). Both DNA alterations were novel mutations not yet described in literature. The first is a missense mutation that is to be considered an unclassified variant; the second is nonsense mutation that created a premature stop codon resulting in a truncated not functioning protein. Both genetic alterations were found in the patients’ father DNA.ConclusionsThe present report finds out two unpublished sequence alterations in exon 11 of the MSH2 gene, one on which can be considered causative of Lynch phenotype. Moreover, it stresses the importance of the multidisciplinary onco-genetic counselling in order to correctly frame the hereditary syndrome, suggest the right genetic test, and offer the most appropriate management of the cancer risk for the patients and her family members.

Highlights

Early-onset or hereditary ovarian cancer is mostly associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations
The present report finds out two unpublished sequence alterations in exon 11 of the MSH2 gene, one on which can be considered causative of Lynch phenotype
It stresses the importance of the multidisciplinary onco-genetic counselling in order to correctly frame the hereditary syndrome, suggest the right genetic test, and offer the most appropriate management of the cancer risk for the patients and her family members

Summary

Introduction

Early-onset or hereditary ovarian cancer is mostly associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Subjects with personal and/or family history suggestive for hereditary cancer should be addressed to cancer genetic counseling, aimed to the identification, definition and management of hereditary cancer syndrome, by a multidisciplinary approach. The first is a missense mutation that is to be considered an unclassified variant; the second is nonsense mutation that created a premature stop codon resulting in a truncated not functioning protein Both genetic alterations were found in the patients’ father DNA. The majority of mutations in the MMR genes identified are missense, Pensabene et al Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice (2016) 14:18 nonsense or small insertions/deletions. Given the complexity of issues related to hereditary/familial cancers and clinical implications of genetic testing, cancer genetic counseling is the most suitable approach to manage high risk subjects. The counseling model used at our Clinical Unit foresees close links with the oncologist, psychologist, geneticist and other professionals [8]

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