Two Novel Myxozoans from Pirate Perch Aphredoderus sayanus (Gilliams, 1824) in the Upper Mississippi River, Including the First North American Species of Hennegoides Lom, Tonguthai, & Dyková, 1991

Abstract

The pirate perch Aphredoderus sayanus is a relatively small fish species found in rivers throughout much of the eastern United States. Due to their cryptic nature, relatively little is known regarding their parasite fauna. A survey of pirate perch from the upper Mississippi River revealed 2 novel myxozoans. Hennegoides flockae n. sp. was observed in heavily infected gills where the lamellae featured irregular expansion by bulbous myxozoan polysporic plasmodia, typically affecting the middle to distal half of the filaments. When severe, infection of sequential filaments was such that the filaments were fused, forming what appeared as multicystic/lobular parasitic aggregates subdivided by fine epithelial cords. The total myxospore length of Hennegoides flockae was 35.4-46.4 (41.3 ± 3.3) and the spore body, asymmetrically ovoid in valvular view, was 15.4-18.7 (17.0 ± 0.7) × 7.1-8.7 (7.9 ± 0.4). Henneguya marcquenskiae n. sp. was observed in the liver with plasmodia present randomly and infrequently in the hepatocellular parenchyma. The total myxospore length for Henneguya marcquenskiae was 39.5-55.9 (48.4 ± 4.2), with the spore body being lanceolate, 13.9-16.5 (15.4 ± 0.7) × 7.1-9.0 (8.3 ± 0.5). Phylogenetic analysis of the SSU rRNA gene placed both Hennegoides flockae and Henneguya marcquenskiae as sisters to each other in a clade containing other Myxozoans known to infect the gills of esocids, percids, and centrarchids. These parasites represent the first reports of Henneguya and Hennegoides from pirate perch, with the latter being the first report of this genus outside of the Asian continent.