Abstract
Two novel cyclodepsipeptides containing an unusual anthranilic acid dimer and a d-phenyllactic acid residues, clavatustides A (1) and B (2), were identified from cultured mycelia and broth of Aspergillus clavatus C2WU isolated from Xenograpsus testudinatus, which lives at extreme, toxic habitat around the sulphur-rich hydrothermal vents in Taiwan Kueishantao. This is the first example of cyclopeptides containing an anthranilic acid dimer in natural products, and the first report of microbial secondary metabolites from the hydrothermal vent crab. Clavatustides A (1) and B (2) suppressed the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines (HepG2, SMMC-7721 and Bel-7402) in a dose-dependent manner, and induced an accumulation of HepG2 cells in G1 phase and reduction of cells in S phase.
Highlights
Marine-derived fungi, living in a stressful habitat, are of great interest as new promising sources of biologically active products
The Aspergillus clavatus C2WU separated from hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus was cultured
The fungus Aspergillus clavatus C2WU was separated isolated from hydrothermal vent crab
Summary
Marine-derived fungi, living in a stressful habitat, are of great interest as new promising sources of biologically active products. In order to find drug candidates from the microorganisms which live at extreme and toxic habitat, natural product-producing fungi from the hydrothermal vent crab were cultured in our laboratory. In continuation of our search for anti-cancer natural products, secondary metabolites in the cultured mycelia and broth of Aspergillus clavatus. Two antifungal cyclopeptides with an anthranilic acid unit, sclerotides A and B, were isolated from the marine-derived Aspergillus sclerotiorum PT06-1 in a nutrient-limited hypersaline cultural medium [11]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of cyclopeptides containing an anthranilic acid dimer in natural products, and the microbial secondary metabolites from the hydrothermal vent crab were rarely reported.
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