Two new xanthones and cytotoxicity from the bark of Garcinia schomburgkiana

Sutin Kaennakam,Kamonwan Mudsing,Kitiya Rassamee,Pongpun Siripong,Santi Tip-Pyang

doi:10.1007/s11418-018-1240-8

Sutin Kaennakam, Kamonwan Mudsing + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-018-1240-8

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Abstract

Two new xanthone derivatives, named schomburgones A (1) and B (2), along with eight known compounds, including xanthones (3–8) and anthraquinones (9–10) were isolated from the bark of Garcinia schomburgkiana. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis especially 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopies. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five cancer cell lines (KB, HeLa S-3, HT-29, MCF-7 and HepG-2). Compounds 3–6 and 8 showed good cytotoxicity against all the five cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 1.45–9.46 µM.

Highlights

Garcinia schomburgkiana Pierre is a medium-sized tree distributed in Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia
Previous chemical and biological studies on the chemical constituents of G. schomburgkiana showed the presence of xanthones, depsidones, biphenyls, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and phloroglucinols, some of which exhibited antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity [2], [3]
Phytochemical investigation of C H2Cl2 crude extract from the bark of G. schomburgkiana led to the isolation of two new xanthone derivatives, named schomburgones A (1) and B (2), along with eight known compounds (Fig. 1), including isocudraniaxanthone B (3) [4], gerontoxanthone I (4) [5], nigrolineaxanthone E (5) [6], isojacareubin (6) [7], dulxanthone A (7) [8], macluraxanthone (8) [9], vismiaquinone A (9) [10], and 3-geranylemodin (10) [11]

Summary

Introduction

Garcinia schomburgkiana Pierre (family Clusiaceae) is a medium-sized tree distributed in Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. The cytotoxicity of all isolated compounds was evaluated using the MTT method against five cancer cell lines. Phytochemical investigation of C H2Cl2 crude extract from the bark of G. schomburgkiana led to the isolation of two new xanthone derivatives, named schomburgones A (1) and B (2), along with eight known compounds (Fig. 1), including isocudraniaxanthone B (3) [4], gerontoxanthone I (4) [5], nigrolineaxanthone E (5) [6], isojacareubin (6) [7], dulxanthone A (7) [8], macluraxanthone (8) [9], vismiaquinone A (9) [10], and 3-geranylemodin (10) [11].

Results

Conclusion