Abstract
We describe two new species of the nemesiid spider genus Chaco from Rocha Province, Uruguay. These new species are diagnosed based on genital morphology, male tibial apophysis spination, and burrow entrance. We test cospecificity of one species, Chaco costai,via laboratory mating experiments. The new species are diagnosed and illustrated and habitat characteristics, and capture behavior are described. We conduct a cladistic analysis based on a previously published morphological character matrix that now includes the newly described species.
Highlights
The family Nemesiidae Simon, 1889 comprises 43 genera (Platnick 2013) of medium sized spiders that have a transverse fovea, eyes grouped on a tubercle, 2-4 short spinnerets, anterior tarsi without spines, tarsi III and IV with light or absent scopula, without claw tufts and superior tarsal claws bipectinate with numerous teeth
Goloboff (1987, 1995) diagnosed Chaco using the following character combination: four short spinnerets, eight eyes grouped on a tubercle, anterior legs with few spines, anterior tarsi scopulate, without spines and no claw tufts; tarsal claws with numerous teeth in two rows
We present a cladistic reanalysis of the genus with newly described species and present some natural history data for the new taxa
Summary
The family Nemesiidae Simon, 1889 comprises 43 genera (Platnick 2013) of medium sized spiders that have a transverse fovea, eyes grouped on a tubercle, 2-4 short spinnerets, anterior tarsi without spines, tarsi III and IV with light or absent scopula, without claw tufts and superior tarsal claws bipectinate with numerous teeth. Montes de Oca and Pérez-Miles (2003) reported the presence of Chaco Tullgren, 1905 in Uruguay but did not identify the species. The genus Chaco was originally described on the basis of the type species Chaco obscura Tullgren, 1905 known from a female specimen.
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