Abstract
Simple SummaryLipoptena fortisetosa is a hematophagous ectoparasite of game animals feeding accidentally on companion animals and humans. Since the presence of numerous pathogenic microorganisms has been described in this species, monitoring its geographic distribution is of great epidemiological importance. To the best of our knowledge, we present two new haplotypes of Bartonella sp. isolated from L. fortisetosa in south-eastern Poland and confirm the presence of this invasive species in Lublin Voivodeship since 2013.Insects of the genus Lipoptena are parasitic arthropods with a broad host range. Due to the type of parasitism (hematophagy), their potential role as vectors of pathogens, i.e., Bartonella sp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia spp., and Borrelia burgdorferi is considered. As the range of their occurrence has been changing dynamically in recent years and infestations of humans have increasingly been reported, these organisms are now the subject of numerous studies. Our research aimed to present the molecular characteristics of Bartonella sp. detected in Lipoptena fortisetosa parasitizing wild cervids in south-eastern Poland. Adults of Lipoptena spp. were collected from carcasses of roe deer and red deer between spring and autumn in 2013. The PCR method was used to detect Bartonella sp. in the insects. We report two new haplotypes of the rpoB gene of Bartonella sp. isolated from L. fortisetosa feeding on wild cervids in south-eastern Poland and the presence of this invasive ectoparasitic species in the studied area since 2013. Phylogenetic analyses of newly obtained Bartonella sp. haplotypes confirmed their unique position on the constructed tree and network topology. The rpoB gene sequences found belonging to lineage B support the view that this phylogenetic lineage represents a novel Bartonella species.
Highlights
IntroductionFive of the 32 species of Lipoptena deer keds (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) widespread in the world fauna occur in Europe [1,2]
As shown by literature data, the spread of L. fortisetosa species in Europe was most likely caused by its natural dispersal outside Asia, overlapping the ranges of Siberian and European roe deer during periodic climate changes, or by introduction with alien mammal species, e.g., sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838) [16,17]
Our study presents the molecular characteristics of Bartonella sp. detected in L. fortisetosa parasitizing wild cervids in south-eastern Poland
Summary
Five of the 32 species of Lipoptena deer keds (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) widespread in the world fauna occur in Europe [1,2]. Progressive expansion of L. cervi [3,4,5,6,7] and L. fortisetosa [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15] has been observed. As shown by literature data, the spread of L. fortisetosa species in Europe was most likely caused by its natural dispersal outside Asia, overlapping the ranges of Siberian and European roe deer during periodic climate changes, or by introduction with alien mammal species, e.g., sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838) [16,17]
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