Two New Criteria of the Metabolic Syndrome: Prevalence and the Association with Brachial‐Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Japanese Male Workers

Abstract

In 1998 and 2001, The World Health Organization and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III proposed working criteria for the metabolic syndrome (MS), but they are not perfect for use in diverse ethnicities. In 2005, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and eight societies in Japan respectively proposed new criteria. However, there has been no report regarding the application of these new criteria in Japanese workplaces. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 377 healthy Japanese men aged 20-64 yr who worked in a chemical factory in Kanagawa, Japan. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire, underwent a physical examination including waist measurements and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and provided overnight fasting blood samples. The prevalence of MS in Japanese men was 17.0% and 13.5% according to the new IDF and Japanese criteria respectively. In both of the new criteria, baPWV was significantly higher in those with MS than those without MS (1,563 +/- 264.2 vs 1,362 +/- 204.6 cm/sec, p<0.001 in the new IDF criterion; 1,574 +/- 265.2 vs 1,368 +/- 209.1 cm/sec, p<0.001 in the Japanese criterion). In the analysis of the 5 or 6 subgroups stratified according to the number of MS components, baPWV increased significantly with increasing number of MS components (p for trend<0.01 in both criteria). The new IDF and Japanese criterion are both good for diagnosing MS among Japanese because a linear increase in baPWV occurred with increasing MS components after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Further studies are expected using these new criteria.