Two-loop vacuum energy for Calabi–Yau orbifold models

Abstract

A precise evaluation of the two-loop vacuum energy is provided for certain Z2×Z2 Calabi–Yau orbifold models in the Heterotic string. The evaluation is based on the recent general prescription for superstring perturbation theory in terms of integration over cycles in supermoduli space, implemented at two loops with the gauge-fixing methods based on the natural projection of supermoduli space onto moduli space using the super-period matrix. It is shown that the contribution from the interior of supermoduli space (computed with the procedure that has been used in previous two-loop computations) vanishes identically for both the E8×E8 and Spin(32)/Z2 Heterotic strings. The contribution from the boundary of supermoduli space is also evaluated, and shown to vanish for the E8×E8 string but not for the Spin(32)/Z2 string, thus breaking supersymmetry in this last model. As a byproduct, the vacuum energy in Type II superstrings is shown to vanish as well for these orbifolds.