Abstract
This experiment was carried out as split factorial in randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Sari, Iran during 2013 and 2014. Rice cultivars were chosen as the main factor including Tarom Mahalli and Tarom Hashemi. Nitrogen rates (34 and 69 kg N ha−1 and nitroxin) with nano-particle (nano-potassium, nano-silicon and control) selected as the subfactor. The results indicated that the amount of total tiller per hill and fertile tiller per hill for Tarom Hashemi was more than Tarom Mahalli in both years. The highest paddy yield in both years was observed for Tarom Hashemi, the main reason behind it is increasing panicle length and fertile tiller number for this cultivar. For Tarom Hashemi, the highest paddy yield (5000 kg⋅ha−1) was produced with 34 kg N ha−1 and nano potassium application. For Tarom Mahalli, the highest paddy yield 4657 kg⋅ha−1 was obtained with nitroxin and nano potassium consumption. The highest harvest index was achieved with nitroxin and nano-silicon consumption. Therefore, nano particle consumption in both cultivars resulted in improved yield.
Highlights
Rice (Oryzasativa L.) is the main staple food for more than half of the population worldwide
The results indicated that the amount of total tiller per hill and fertile tiller per hill for Tarom Hashemi was more than Tarom Mahalli in both years
The maximum plant height 133.87 cm was observed with 34 kg N ha−1 and the minimum plant height 129.62 cm was achieved with nitroxin
Summary
Rice (Oryzasativa L.) is the main staple food for more than half of the population worldwide. Rice plants require large amounts of mineral nutrients including nitrogen for their growth, development, and grain production [12]. Rice low productivity observed in dry land systems results from a series of biotic and abiotic factors Among these factors, we can mention the occurrence of diseases, inadequate rainfall distribution in the main producing regions, and little fertilizers and lime use [19]. Silicon is not considered as essential or functional for plant growth; its absorption brings several benefits especially for rice, such as increased cell wall thickness below the cuticle [20], imparting mechanical resistance to the fungi penetration, transpiration drop [20], and leaf angle improvement, making leaves more erect, reducing self-shading, especially under high nitrogen rates [21]. Silicon plays an important role in increasing plants’ resistance to pathogens such as blast on rice
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