Abstract
A first order electronic gradiometer has been developed to operate in liquid nitrogen. The use of two-hole bulk YBa 2Cu 3O 7 RF SQUIDs permitted optimization of the characteristic SQUID parameter, β L = 1, without compromising the noise performance. Additional bulk flux concentrators made it possible to attain a field/flux transformation coefficient of 8 × 10 −10 T Φ o −1. A mechanical fixture for electronic balancing provided a common mode suppression of 10 3. In an unshielded environment, the balanced system had a peak-to-peak noise amplitude of < 10 pT within a signal bandwidth of 2–30 Hz. Human heart beat signals (the QRS peak) could be recorded in these conditions.
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