Abstract
The relationship between the optical properties of the eye in the periphery and myopia development is still under debate. To further clarify this issue, we provide here baseline data of two-dimensional peripheral optics results in a group of emmetropic Chinese children. Peripheral aberrations were measured under cycloplegia by using an open-view Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor (VPR, Voptica SL, Spain). This instrument allows to measure fast in the horizontal visual field from temporal 30° to nasal 30° every 1°. Two-dimensional (2D) maps were retrieved from a series of horizonal scans taken every 4° from 20° superior to 16° inferior covering a visual field of 60 × 36°. A relatively homogeneous pattern of the 2D relative peripheral refraction was found across all these emmetropic subjects. Using cluster analysis followed by manual visual refinement, the 2D maps were identified to fit into four categories. More than 70% of the subjects showed a nearly flat horizontal refraction with a slightly myopic shift in the superior retina. Peripheral astigmatism was quite constant across subjects and similar to that expected theoretically. Peripheral aberrations were also similar to those in the fovea for a large retinal area. These baseline data would offer an important reference to compare with the future evolution with time, as well as with other refractive or age groups of subjects, to better understand the role of peripheral optical properties in myopia development.
Highlights
Myopia is a highly prevalent disease affecting millions of people worldwide[1]
We present the high-resolution, wide-field two-dimensional data of peripheral refraction and optical aberrations obtained at the first stage of the study, expecting to serve as a baseline to compare with their evolution with time and with those from other groups of subjects with different central refractive status
We have performed a statistical analysis of the relative peripheral refraction (RPR) within the areas in the retina compared with the center
Summary
Myopia is a highly prevalent disease affecting millions of people worldwide[1]. In the last decades the number of myopic people increased largely in several parts of the world, in particular in east-Asia. Many studies have been performed on different aspects of the eye’s peripheral image quality[4,5,6,7,8] This included the effect of accommodation[9] and how the correction of aberrations affected visual performance in the periphery[10]. On the other hand, there are some optical interventions showing a moderate clinical success to control myopia that claim to be based on the changes introduced on the peripheral optics To fully elucidate this important question, we determined to measure carefully and comprehensively the peripheral optical properties in centrally emmetropic children and follow up the change of these properties with time through a large longitudinal study. We present the high-resolution, wide-field two-dimensional data of peripheral refraction and optical aberrations obtained at the first stage of the study, expecting to serve as a baseline to compare with their evolution with time and with those from other groups of subjects with different central refractive status
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