Abstract

We propose an imaging system for magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) using multiple magnetic sensors based on amplitude modulation. The system was used to obtain two-dimensional images of two MNP samples spaced 15 mm apart at a depth of 30 mm. An AC magnetic field was used at an operating frequency of 5.4 kHz, and a third-harmonic signal generated by the MNP samples was detected using 16 pickup coils. To increase the position information of the MNP samples, the amplitude of the AC magnetic field was changed from 0.24 to 4.8 mT. The third-harmonic signals were subsequently analyzed using nonnegative least squares to image the MNP samples. The results show that the positions of the two MNP samples were estimated with good accuracy.

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