Two-dimensional induced grating in Rydberg atoms via microwave field

Abstract

A novel two-dimensional phase and amplitude electromagnetically induced grating is proposed. This model improves the sensitivity of electromagnetically induced grating to the microwave field. The system experiences electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) via interacting dark resonances. When two-dimensional standing control fields are applied to a Rydberg five-level EIT system, two sub-EIT systems appear and the central peak in the EIT window is splitted. Frequency splitting of two central absorption peaks is proportional to the microwave field strength. The simulations show that the efficiency of higher orders of two-dimensional EIG could be enhanced compared to a common four-level single-dark-state system without microwave field. Therefore, one can take advantage of the phase modulation to control the probe light dispersing into the required high orders. This proposed model is appropriate to be utilized as an all-optical switch and router in optical networking and communication based on microwave field.