Two-dimensional director configurations in a nematic-filled cylindrical capillary with the hybrid director alignment on its surface

Abstract

ABSTRACTWe analytically calculate two-dimensional equilibrium configurations of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) director in a right cylindrical capillary with the hybrid director alignment on its inner surface. A part of this surface is treated to impose the strong homeotropic alignment, while on the remaining part the strong circular alignment, perpendicular to the capillary axis, is imposed. Owing to the system homogeneity along the capillary axis, a disclination line emerges in the bulk of the NLC, which runs parallel to the axis. It is shown that there exist either one or two equilibrium locations of the disclination line depending on the ratio of capillary surface parts with homeotropic and circular alignment. The technique that allows to obtain an analytical expression for the system free energy as a function of a disclination line location is presented. It considerably simplifies calculations and can be used while solving a variety of problems in which a defect location is sought.