Abstract
Diffraction grating is a fundamental optical element in spectral measurement or source monochromation. A newly designed grating named as two-dimension trapezoidal grating (TG), which not only has non-harmonic diffraction, non-background contaminations, but also has high absolute diffraction efficiency and easy fabrication, was proposed, recently. However, its applications in spectral measurement or source monochromation are limited as its diffraction pattern is more complex than ordinary grating and there is no raytracing simulation tool to effectively analyze and evaluate the property of an optical system with TG. A raytracing model for TG based on the scalar diffraction and scattering theory is proposed to solve the above problem. Diffraction direction and absolute efficiency of each diffraction order are obtained by using mathematical derivation with scattering theory and scalar diffraction theory, respectively, which are the key parts of TG’s raytracing model. Once TG’s raytracing module is added into the optical simulation tool, X-LAB, it offers a new opportunity for design and numerical simulation of optical systems with a TG.
Highlights
As a dispersion optical element, the diffraction grating is widely used in radiation diagnoses, source mono-chromation and inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Combined with the absolute diffraction efficiencies based on scalar diffraction theory, the trapezoidal grating (TG) raytracing model based on scattering theory is proposed and theoretically analyzed
Once this model is added to the optical simulation tool, X-LAB, a spectrometer or other optical system with TG can be effectively analyzed and simulated.[22,23]
Summary
As a dispersion optical element, the diffraction grating is widely used in radiation diagnoses, source mono-chromation and inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] Ordinary diffraction gratings, such as triangle grating, rectangle grating, inevitably have multi-order diffraction and lead to harmonic spectral measurement error, though they have high diffraction efficiency.[8,9,10,11,12] Ideal sinusoidal amplitude grating (SAG), which has only 0th and ±1st order diffractions,[9] is an excellent option to the solution of multi-order diffraction contamination problem. Before going on any engineering practice, it is of great significance to evaluate optical systems, especially for X-ray applications, as they are usually very expensive and time-consuming.[16,17,20,21] Combined with the absolute diffraction efficiencies based on scalar diffraction theory, the TG raytracing model based on scattering theory is proposed and theoretically analyzed Once this model is added to the optical simulation tool, X-LAB, a spectrometer or other optical system with TG can be effectively analyzed and simulated.[22,23] X-LAB with a friendly interface is a useful tool and a platform for optical design, optimization and simulation and it includes sequence ray-tracing, vector diffraction simulation and layout drawing of complex micro-structure optical element functions. It offers a new opportunity for the design and numerical simulation of optical systems with a two-dimension trapezoidal grating
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