Abstract
A simple and noninvasive method based on a laser emittance spoiler allows one to produce two-color x rays in free-electron lasers with high repetition rate and high flexibility.
Highlights
Several x-ray free electron lasers (FELs) are currently in operation around the world [1,2,3,4,5,6]
For time-resolved studies, pump-probe experiments are generally implemented by combining a conventional laser pump with a x-ray FEL probe
A two-color FEL output can be obtained by the uneven tuning of the undulator resonance or by the manipulation of the electron bunch properties
Summary
Bunches accelerated to different energy and lasing at two wavelengths [23,24]. The two bunches can be accelerated in the same radio frequency bucket (twin bunches) or in different ones. Solid targets that spoil the electron bunch emittance present, the downside of significant radiation losses, preventing their applicability to high-repetition rate and high-average power x-ray FELs. A sextupole, in combination with a standard orbit control, was used to suppress the radiation from the bunch center, while keeping the head and the tail still lasing at two photon energies. Different from other beam-based techniques, the presented method delivers two-color x-rays using the optimal single-color FEL settings without dedicated accelerator and undulator retuning saving beam-time. It enables a lock-in mode (with shot-to-shot switching between two-color and single wavelength mode) and it is directly applicable to high-average power x-ray FELs because it is not contributing to beam losses.
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