Twin signed Roman domatic numbers in digraphs

Abstract

Let $D$ be a finite simple digraph with vertex set $V(D)$. A twin signed Roman dominating function on the digraph $D$ is a function $f:V(D)\rightarrow\{-1,1,2\}$ satisfying the conditions that (i) $\sum_{x\in N^-[v]}f(x)\ge 1$ and $\sum_{x\in N^+[v]}f(x)\ge 1$ for each $v\in V(D)$, where $N^-[v]$ (resp. $N^+[v]$) consists of $v$ and all in-neighbors (resp. out-neighbors) of $v$, and (ii) every vertex $u$ for which $f(u)=-1$ has an in-neighbor $v$ and an out-neighbor $w$ for which $f(v)=f(w)=2$. A set $\{f_1,f_2,\ldots,f_d\}$ of distinct twin signed Roman dominating functions on $D$ with the property that $\sum_{i=1}^df_i(v)\le 1$ for each $v\in V(D)$, is called a twin signed Roman dominating family (of functions) on $D$. The maximum number of functions in a twin signed Roman dominating family on $D$ is the twin signed Roman domatic number of $D$, denoted by $d_{sR}^*(D)$. In this paper, we initiate the study of the twin signed Roman domatic number in digraphs and we present some sharp bounds on $d_{sR}^*(D)$. In addition, we determine the twin signed Roman domatic number of some classes of digraphs.