Abstract
The perovskite is a class of material with crystalline structure similar to CaTiO3. In recent years, the organic-inorganic hybrid metallic halide perovskite has been widely investigated as a promising material for a new generation photovoltaic device, whose power conversion efficiency (PCE) record reaches 22.7%. One of its underlying morphological characteristics is the twin domain within those sub-micron sized crystal grains in perovskite thin films. This is important for discussion since it could be the key for understanding the fundamental mechanism of the device’s high performance, such as long diffusion distance and low recombination rate. This review aims to summarize studies on twin domains in perovskite thin films, in order to figure out its importance, guide the current studies on mechanism, and design new devices. Firstly, we introduce the research history and characteristics of widely known twin domains in inorganic perovskite BaTiO3. We then focus on the impact of the domain structure emerging in hybrid metallic halide perovskite thin films, including the observation and discussion on ferroelectricity/ferroelasity. The theoretical analysis is also presented in this review. Finally, we present a spectroscopic method, which can reveal the generality of twin domains within perovskite thin films. We anticipate that this summary on the structural and physical properties of organometallic halide perovskite will help to understand and improve the high-performance of photovoltaic devices.
Highlights
Perovskite, which is named after the Russian mineralogist Lev Perovski (1792–1856), is a widely known material whose discovery should be traced back to 1839 by Gustav Rose [1]
The subgrain twin domains, which are widely found in inorganic perovskite BaTiO33, remain mysterious in organometallic perovskite MAPbI3 working layers, though they have been observed mysterious in organometallic perovskite MAPbI3 working layers, though they have been observed with piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and TEM in specified samples
We give a detailed description of twin domains observed in inorganic and organometallic perovskite
Summary
Perovskite, which is named after the Russian mineralogist Lev Perovski (1792–1856), is a widely known material whose discovery should be traced back to 1839 by Gustav Rose [1]. CH3 NH3 PbI3 (MAPbI3 ) is an organic–inorganic hybrid metallic halide perovskite with the unit cell containing Pb2+ and I− , forming a octahedral. Since its first report with power conversion efficiency (PCE) 3.8% for a dye-sensitized solar cell in 2009 [4], its promising potentiality as the generation photovoltaic material was soon discovered. It has been widely applied to various forms of optoelectronic devices, such as lasers [6,7], light emitting diodes (LED) [8,9], photodetectors [10], and photovoltaic devices [11,12]
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