Abstract
Since the introduction of azidothymidine in 1987, significant improvements in treatment for people living with HIV have yielded substantial improvements in global health as a result of the unique benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART averted 9.5million deaths worldwide in 1995-2015, with global economic benefits of $1.05trillion. For every $1 spent on ART, $3.50 in benefits accrued globally. If treatment scale-up achieves the global 90-90-90 targets of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, a total of 34.9million deaths are projected to be averted between 1995 and 2030. Approximately 40.2million new HIV infections could also be averted by ART, and economic gains could reach $4.02trillion in 2030. Having provided ART to 19.5million people represents a major human achievement. However, 15.2million infected people are currently not receiving treatment, which represents a significant lost opportunity. Further treatment scale-up could yield even greater health and economic benefits.
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