Twenty six-week repeat dose oral rat toxicity study of cizolirtine, a substance-P and calcitonin gene-related peptide release modulator

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Cizolirtine, a substance-P and calcitonin gene-related peptide release modulator developed for the treatment of pain and urinary incontinence, was orally administered for 26-weeks to rats at dosages of 20, 60 and 200 mg/kg/day. Clinical signs were limited to post-dosing salivation and brown staining on head and muzzle. There were slight decreases in bodyweight gain and slight increases in water consumption among cizolirtine-treated animals. Slight increases in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity, and cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations were observed in mid- and/or high-dose animals. Low urinary volume, pH and sodium and potassium outputs were observed after 12-weeks, and low urinary pH, low sodium and high potassium outputs at end of treatment. Increased relative (to bodyweight) liver weight was observed in high-dose animals. Treated males and high-dose females showed a dose-related increase in the incidence and severity of periacinar hepatocytic hypertrophy and midzonal/periacinar hepatocytic fat vacuolization. Increased incidences of hepatic clear cell foci were observed in all cizolirtine-treated male groups and, to a lesser extent, in treated females. Ovaries of treated females showed a dose-dependent increased incidence of absent corpora lutea and, occasionally, follicular cysts. The dosages of 20 and 60 mg/kg/day were considered as the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Levels for males and females, respectively.