Tutorial for increasing the potential of microalgae in restoring the ecosystem of the Don River

Abstract

The article raises questions of anthropogenic impact on continental water bodies. The results of expeditionary studies to increase the potential of microalgae in the improvement of the Tsimlyansk reservoir, created on the Don River on the basis of the use of biological reclamation - algolization, are presented. The reasons for the deterioration of water quality in the reservoir are determined, which are associated with the intensive introduction of pollutants and hydrometeorological conditions that contribute to the intensive development of phytoplankton in the summer-autumn period. At the end of May, the water column warms up rather quickly (+20° C), phytoplankton begins to multiply strongly, the number reaches - 20.5 million cells/l, biomass 15.5 g/m3. The most active are blue-green algae of the genus Anabaena. In July-August, a prolonged increase in water temperature up to 25-27°C contributes to an increase in phytoplankton of blue-green algae of the genera Aphanizomenon, Microcystis, Oscillatoria. Blue-green algae, creating the effect of “blooming” of water, form large colonies and dominate over other types of microorganisms. Thanks to the developments of scientists, it became possible to use biological reclamation in the restoration of ecosystems of natural and artificial reservoirs. Algolization - the introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris into water bodies, allows to improve the quality of water in terms of gas composition, content of organic substances and reduce the effect of water “blooming”.