Abstract
Global desertification is a significant concern, and non-renewable energy sources are scarce. To address this issue, solar three-dimensional (3D) printing can be used for desert sand to manufacture green building materials. In this study, process parameter optimization experiments for solar 3D printing were conducted, and the 3D-printed samples were analyzed by an X-ray scanning system, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, universal testing machine, Vickers hardness tester, nanoindenter, thermal dilatometer, and laser flash analyzer. The experimental data from the tests showed that the compressive strengths of the 3D-printed samples reached 62.05 MPa and the thermal conductivities reached 1.069 W/m·K. The flexural strength, Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and coefficient of thermal expansion also reached the levels of samples obtained by the conventional process. Finally, two types of scaled building material products were 3D printed, and the interlocking self-assembly was realized. This study demonstrated that it is feasible to use direct focused sunlight to 3D print desert sand and manufacture building materials. This unprecedented method of manufacturing building materials has significance for desertification control, energy conservation and environmental protection.
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