Turkish Female Academician Self-Esteem and Health Beliefs for Breast Cancer Screening

Ilknur Aydin Avci,Hatice Kumcagiz,Busra Altinel,Ayse Caloglu

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.1.155

Ilknur Aydin Avci, Hatice Kumcagiz + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.1.155

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Abstract

This study aimed to analyse female academician health beliefs for breast cancer screening and levels of self-esteem. This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2010 and March 2011, covering female academicians working in all faculties and vocational schools at Ondokuz Mayis University, except for the ones in the field of health (n=141). Data was collected using a questionnaire developed by researchers in the light of the related literature, the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale for Breast Cancer, and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. Descriptive statistics, the t-test, Mann-Whitney U and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data with the SPSS 13.0 statistical package. 53.8% of the participants were single, 58.6% did not have children, 80.7% had regular menstrual cycles, 28.3% was taking birth control pills, 17.9% were undergoing hormone therapy, 11% suffered breast problems, 8.3% had relatives with breast cancer, 78,6% knew about breast self-examination (BSE), 68.3% was performing BSE, 16.2% were performing BSE monthly, 17.9% had had mammograms, and 30.3% had undergone breast examinations conductedby physicians. The women who had breast physical examinations done by physicians had higher susceptibility, self-efficacy and health motivation, and fewer barriers to mammography than those who did not have breast physical examinations. There was a relationship between the female academician self-esteem and their perceived seriousness of breast cancer, perceived barriers to BSE and health motivation. Our Turksih female academicians had medium levels of self-esteem.

Highlights

In most of the developed and developing countries, breast cancer is the most common women cancer type and the most common cause of death from cancer (Ozmen et al, 2009)
Data was collected using a questionnaire developed by researchers in the light of the related literature, the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale for Breast Cancer, and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory
The women who had breast physical examinations done by physicians had higher susceptibility, self-efficacy and health motivation, and fewer barriers to mammography than those who did not have breast physical examinations

Summary

Introduction

In most of the developed and developing countries, breast cancer is the most common women cancer type and the most common cause of death from cancer (Ozmen et al, 2009). Detection plays a crucial role for breast cancer. Detection of cancer increases chance of recovery and extend lifespan. Ministry of Health, Department of Cancer Control, Cancer Early Detection, Screening and Education Centres in Turkey provides breast cancer detection. The purpose is to enable healthy and long lives through early detection, to keep breasts healthy and to improve the quality of life and to reduce deaths from breast cancer. The studies conducted in Turkey indicated that rates of breast cancer screening increased, but were not at the desired level (Findik and Turan, 2004; Gozum and Aydin, 2004)

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