Abstract
This article critically analyzed the Turkish and Libyan refugee deals. We argued that these deals proved to be unsustainable policy frameworks by focusing on their practical outcomes regarding humanitarian objectives. We utilized the 'Fortress Europe' concept to demonstrate how the European Union’s security concerns shaped the framework of these deals. Our study elaborated on two main arguments: First, these deals have undermined both Turkey and Libya’s migration management capacities. Second, these deals failed to provide adequate mechanisms supervising the enforcement of humanitarian objectives. We focus on two dynamics leading to the failure of these deals. First, the EU’s prioritization of security concerns has resulted in overlooking the irregular migration’s humanitarian and societal costs to the third countries. Second, the EU’s securitarian strategy contributed to further politicization and securitization of cooperation on migration. In conclusion, we argue that the EU should revise its securitarian strategy on irregular migration to include a more effective multi-lateral and multi-dimensional framework that focuses more on humanitarian issues while ensuring that the responsibilities will be fairly shared between the EU and third countries based on their capacities.
Highlights
The European Union (EU), championing high humanitarian values and better living standards, has always been an attractive destination for irregular and regular migration
We argue that the EU should revise its securitarian strategy on irregular migration to include a more effective multi-lateral and multi-dimensional framework that focuses more on humanitarian issues while ensuring that the responsibilities will be fairly shared between the EU and third countries based on their capacities
Since we focus on the deals signed with Turkey and Libya to demonstrate the downsides of the EU‘s s migration policy framework, the following two sub-sections briefly touch upon how Turkey and Libya‘s relations with the EU have been implicated in the formation of both Turkey and Libya‘s migration policies
Summary
The European Union (EU), championing high humanitarian values and better living standards, has always been an attractive destination for irregular and regular migration. These deals have worked for alleviating the burden of irregular migration flows on the frontline states such as Greece and Italy which implement repatriation policies, they have resulted in severe human rights violations in repatriation to Libya and Turkey.
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More From: Journal of Liberty and International Affairs, Institute for Research and European Studies - Bitola
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