Abstract
AbstractExperiments dealing with the onset of turbulent flow in very small capillary tubes are described. The liquids are water, n‐heptane, toluene and four aqueous solutions containing small quantities of a polymeric additive.The transition from laminar to turbulent flow is delayed in a manner dependent on tube diameter. There is an essential similarity between the behavior of all the liquids. Possible reasons for the observed behavior are discussed and it is suggested that the explanation lies in the presence of varying degrees of elasticity in the liquids used.Using normal stress data from a jet thrust apparatus, the transition values of various dimensionless groups are evaluated.The group which gives the most consistent behavior is the inertio‐elastic number equivalent to a Reynolds number in which viscous shear stress is replaced by elastic normal stress.
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