Abstract
The structure of turbulence of fully-developed flow through three concentric annuli with small radius ratios was investigated experimentally for a Reynolds number range Re = 2 × 104−2 × 105. Turbulence intensities were measured in three directions, and turbulent shear stresses in the radial and azimuthal direction, in annuli of radius ratios α = 0·02, 0·04 and 0·1, respectively. The results showed that the structure of turbulence for these asymmetric flows is not the same as that for symmetrical flows (tubes and parallel plates). The main difference between symmetrical and asymmetric flows is that, for the latter, the diffusion of turbulent energy plays an important role. This is the reason not only for the non-coincidence of the positions of zero shear stress and maximum velocity, but also for the failure of most turbulence models in calculating asymmetric flows.
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