Tunisian Table Olive Oil Traceability and Quality Using SNP Genotyping and Bioinformatics Tools.

Rayda Ben Ayed,Ahmed Rebai

doi:10.1155/2019/8291341

Rayda Ben Ayed, Ahmed Rebai

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8291341

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Abstract

To enhance and highlight the authentication and traceability of table olive oil, we considered the analysis of 11 Tunisian table olive cultivars based on seven SNP molecular markers (SOD, CALC, FAD2.1, FAD2.3, PAL70, ANTHO3, and SAD.1) localized in six different genes. Accordingly, we assessed the potential genotype-phenotypes links between the seven SNPs, on the one hand, and the quantitative and qualitative parameters, on the other. The obtained genotypes were analyzed with computational biology tools based on bivariate analysis, multinomial logistic regression, and the Bayesian networks modeling. Obtained results showed that PAL70 SNP marker was negatively influenced by the phenol rate (r = -0.886; p <0.001), the oxidative stability (r = -0.884; p <0.001), traducing a direct effect of the PAL70 genotype deviations on the proportion of total phenol for each variety. Additionally, we revealed a significant association of SAD.1 marker with the content of the linolenic unsaturated fatty acids (C18:3; p=0.046). Moreover, SAD.1 was positively correlated with the saturated stearic acid C18:0 (r = 0.644; p = 0.032) based on multinomial logistic regression and Bayesian networks modeling, respectively. This research work provides better understanding and characterization of the quality of Tunisian table olive and supplies a significant knowledge and data information for table olive traceability and breeding.

Highlights

In the Mediterranean basin countries, olive is one of the most important agricultural products
We considered seven SNPs (FAD2.1, FAD2.3, ANTHO3, CALC, ACP1, SOD, and PAL70) in our study; all SNPs were selected in the coding regions of FAD, ANTHO, CALC, stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase (SAD), SOD, and PAL genes, all of them being involved in fruits pomology and associated with olive oil composition and correlatable to phenotypic characters
This result, together with mean value observed across the loci and table olive cultivars in the present study, is in accordance with the results previously obtained by Ben Ayed et al (2014) [15]

Summary

Introduction

In the Mediterranean basin countries, olive is one of the most important agricultural products. It is used for olive oil extraction or processed as either table olives. Table olive production was restricted to the producing regions, mainly European Union, Egypt, Turkey, Algeria, Morocco, Argentina, and Syria. Nowadays, table olive production and exports have extended to other countries like USA and Jordan with 6 and 5 tons, respectively [1]. Several countries such as Tunisia, Argentina, Jordan, and Morocco have enhanced their production of table olives compared to the previous season unlike some producer countries that remained constant or sustained a cutback, like Syria by 47 % and Peru by 1 % [1]

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