Abstract
In this research we have applied sol-gel synthesis for the deposition of tungsten (VI) oxide (WO3) layers using two different reductants (ethanol and propanol) and applying different dipping times. WO3 samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence decay methods. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) behaviour of synthesized coatings was investigated using cyclic voltammetry in the dark and under illumination. Formation of different structures in differently prepared samples was revealed and significant differences in the PL spectra and PEC performance of the samples were observed. The results showed that reductant used in the synthesis and dipping time strongly influenced photo-electrochemical properties of the coatings. Correlation between the morphology, PL and PEC behaviour has been explained.
Highlights
The demand for sensors with advanced analytical characteristics is constantly increasing [1].Various metal oxides (TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, WO3, etc.) are widely used for numerous technological purposes including application in analytical signal transduction systems [2,3]
The main crystalline phase of synthesized coatings in all samples is monoclinic tungsten by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques
Layers of tungsten (VI) oxide were formed on conducting glass substrate by sol-gel synthesis charge carriers due to formation of vertically aligned plates
Summary
Various metal oxides (TiO2 , ZnO, SnO2 , WO3 , etc.) are widely used for numerous technological purposes including application in analytical signal transduction systems [2,3]. Nanostructured metal oxides are especially attractive in sensors due to their electrochemical properties and their large chemically active surface. Photoelectrochemical and catalytic properties, WO3 is used in lithium-ion batteries [4], electrochromic windows [5], solar energy conversion systems [6,7,8,9,10,11], volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and gas sensors [12]. The improvement of sensitivity and LOD is especially significant for medical purposes, where sensitive and accurate detection is necessary.
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