Tuning the electrochemical properties for sodium storage of graphene via fluorine doping

Abstract

Improving the electrochemical performance of graphene electrodes is an urgent obstacle in the field of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Therefore, tuning the electrochemical properties in SIBs of graphene via F doping has been tactfully raised. The introduction of F promotes the formation of C-F bond, which tunes the local electronic structure and further facilitates the diffusion of sodium. Inspiringly, the F-modulated graphene achieved enhanced sodium storage with a reversible capacity of 191 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1 after 100 cycles and a rate capability of 162.5 mA h g−1 even at 800 mA g−1. This work provides an effective strategy for the fabrication of electrode materials in renewable battery technology.