Abstract
Cobalt nanowires have been synthesized by electrochemical deposition using track-etched anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Nanowires with varying spacing-to-diameter ratios were prepared, and their magnetic properties were investigated. It is found that the nanowires’ easy magnetization direction switches from parallel to perpendicular to the nanowire growth direction when the nanowire’s spacing-to-diameter ratio is reduced below 0.7, or when the nanowires’ packing density is increased above 5%. Upon further reduction in the spacing-to-diameter ratio, nanowires’ magnetic properties exhibit an isotropic behavior. Apart from shape anisotropy, strong dipolar interactions among nanowires facilitate additional uniaxial anisotropy, favoring an easy magnetization direction perpendicular to their growth direction. The magnetic interactions among the nanowires were studied using the standard method of remanence curves. The demagnetization curves and Delta m (Δm) plots showed that the nanowires interact via dipolar interactions that act as an additional uniaxial anisotropy favoring an easy magnetization direction perpendicular to the nanowire growth direction. The broadening of the dipolar component of Δm plots indicate an increase in the switching field distribution with the increase in the nanowires’ diameter. Our findings provide an important insight into the magnetic behavior of cobalt nanowires, meaning that it is crucial to design them according to the specific requirements for the application purposes.
Highlights
Over the last two decades, much attention has been paid to the fabrication of onedimensional (1D) nanostructures, including nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, and nanobelts [1].Owing to their shape anisotropy, these materials show interesting properties compared to their bulk and spherical counterparts and demonstrate enormous potential in the field of magnetic, electronic, and optoelectronic devices, catalysis, sensors, and spintronic devices [2,3]
Strong hcp-(100) peak at 41.6° indicates that Co nanowires have a preferred orientation along [100] the direction that is perpendicular to nanowire growth direction
The magnetic properties indicate an isotropic or anisotropic behavior depending on the interwire spacing-to-diameter ratio
Summary
Over the last two decades, much attention has been paid to the fabrication of onedimensional (1D) nanostructures, including nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, and nanobelts [1] Owing to their shape anisotropy, these materials show interesting properties compared to their bulk and spherical counterparts and demonstrate enormous potential in the field of magnetic, electronic, and optoelectronic devices, catalysis, sensors, and spintronic devices [2,3]. In 1D nanostructure arrays such as nanorods, nanowires and nanotubes, apart from the shape anisotropy, a strong dipolar coupling between them contributes to their magnetic behavior which can be modulated by the nanowires’ packing density [4].
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