Abstract
Tungsten heavy alloy composite was developed by using novel CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy as the binder/reinforcement phase. Elemental tungsten (W) powder and mechanically alloyed CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy were mixed gently in high energy ball mill and consolidated using different sintering process with varying heating rate (in trend of conventional sintering < microwave sintering < spark plasma sintering). Mechanically alloyed CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy have shown a predominant face-centered cubic (fcc) phase with minor Cr-rich σ-phase. Consolidated tungsten heavy high-entropy alloys (WHHEA) composites reveal the presence of Cr–Mn-rich oxide phase in addition to W-grains and high-entropy alloys (HEA) phase. An increase in heating rate restricts the tungsten grain growth with reduces the volume fraction of the Cr–Mn-rich phase. Finally, spark plasma sintering with a higher heating rate and shorter sintering time has revealed higher compressive strength (~2041 MPa) than the other two competitors (microwave sintering: ~1962 MPa and conventional sintering: ~1758 MPa), which may be attributed to finer W-grains and reduced fraction of Cr–Mn rich oxide phase.
Highlights
High-entropy alloys (HEA) is a novel alloying concept that got its attention since the publication of an article based on configurational entropy by Cantor et al [1,2,3,4,5]
XRD patterns of bulk WHHEA composites prepared by conventional sintering (WHHEAC ), microwave sintering (WHHEAM ) and spark plasma sintering (WHHEAS ) techniques are displayed in peaks that correspond to W particles with minor fraction of peaks corresponding to Cr–Mn-rich phase (PCPDF No: 89-3746)
The three-point bend test results show the same trend of increasing flexural strength with refinement of W grain size, where a higher flexural strength of 246 ± 15 MPa is observed for WHHEAM
Summary
High-entropy alloys (HEA) is a novel alloying concept that got its attention since the publication of an article based on configurational entropy by Cantor et al [1,2,3,4,5]. The structure comprises of interconnected tungsten grains with interpenetrating matrix phase [34] Owing to their higher density, better strength and toughness properties, they found their application in aerospace as counterbalance and in military applications such as kinetic energy penetrators [35]. These alloys are developed by sintering the powder mixture with >90 wt % of tungsten with low melting point elements such as. The fabricated WHA with HEA binder will be mentioned as tungsten heavy high-entropy alloys (WHHEA) in upcoming discussions This is for the first instance where WHHEA was produced by three consolidation routes and their properties were compared
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