Abstract
Two types of novel graphene-based components, namely, filters and electro-optical switches in guided wave configuration are suggested and analysed. The filters differ from the known ones with collinear orientation of the input and output waveguides by geometry and symmetry. The components consist of a circular graphene disk and two nanoribbons oriented at 90° to each other in the plane of the graphene layer. The graphene elements are placed on a dielectric substrate. We show that change in symmetry leads to a drastic change in the properties of the components. The physical principle of the devices is based on the dipole, quadrupole and hexapole resonances in the graphene disk which define stop-band, pass-band and stop-band frequency characteristics, respectively. A combination of stop-band and pass-band filter properties by shifing the electronic Fermi level allows one to design a switch. Numerical simulations show that the suggested components have very small dimensions, good characteristics and provide a dynamic control of their central frequency via electrostatic gating.
Highlights
Graphene, which is the first two-dimensional material [1], possesses very special electromagnetic properties and can be used for generation, detection and manipulation of THz and infra-red electromagnetic spectrum, in particular in sensors, switches, modulators, filters, among others
The components consist of a circular graphene disk and two nanoribbons oriented at 90◦ to each other in the plane of the graphene layer
A dislocation of the quadrupole resonance frequency to the dipole one can be achieved by changing the graphene Fermi energy [7], [16]
Summary
Graphene, which is the first two-dimensional material [1], possesses very special electromagnetic properties and can be used for generation, detection and manipulation of THz and infra-red electromagnetic spectrum, in particular in sensors, switches, modulators, filters, among others. Surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) propagate in graphene with better characteristics than in metals. Parameters of graphene can be adjusted dynamically. Switch is one of the key elements of digital technology. The physical principles used in switches depend on the frequency region, on the power of electromagnetic waves and on the required time of switching. For example, electro-optical, thermo-optical, acousto-optical and non-linear effects are used. Electro-optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a typical elements in optical circuits [2]. Many types of switches were suggested [3]
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