Abstract
A new type of solid-state variable focal length lens is described. It is based on shape changes in an elastomeric membrane driven by compression of a reservoir of a polymer gel. A novel fabrication process based on individual lens components allows for customization of lens power based on the desired application. The lens shape as a function of applied compressive strain is measured using direct surface profile measurements. The focal length of a solid state lens was reversibly changed by a factor of 1.9. Calculated back focal lengths of the lens were consistent with experimental measurements.
Highlights
Today’s technology is driving the need for lighter, simpler, and more compact optical devices, yet the requirements for image quality are only getting more stringent
A new type of solid-state variable focal length lens is described. It is based on shape changes in an elastomeric membrane driven by compression of a reservoir of a polymer gel
The cross-linkable polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) was received as a viscous fluid and cross-linked at a w/w ratio of 40:1
Summary
Today’s technology is driving the need for lighter, simpler, and more compact optical devices, yet the requirements for image quality are only getting more stringent. This paper describes the fabrication and optical performance of an all-solid-state variable focal length lens developed to address these needs. One need not look far for an example of a variable lens: the human eye changes its shape and refractive index in order to achieve dynamic focus [1]. In contrast to the liquid tunable lenses, an all-solid-state polymer lens more closely mimics the nature of the human eye lens. Solid-state lenses can more readily withstand fluctuations in temperature, pressure, and motion than liquid based lenses and offer a more robust approach to tunable optical systems. This work discusses the development and characterization of an all-polymer tunable lens, in which pressure applied to a membrane containing a compliant cross-linked polymer gel causes symmetric shape changes to the outer surface. Received May 2008; revised Jul 2008; accepted 17 Jul 2008; published 24 Jul 2008 4 August 2008 / Vol 16, No 16 / OPTICS EXPRESS 11848
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