Abstract
A solid solution of NiTiO3 in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials was fabricated by sol–gel technique. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, (1 − x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 + xNiTiO3 materials exhibited a rhombohedral structure following the Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 crystal symmetry. The random distribution of Ni cations into the host lattice of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials decreased the optical band gaps from 3.06 to 2.74 eV for 9 mol.% NiTiO3 solid solution. The magnetic properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials were tuned from weak ferromagnetism to ferromagnetism and of compensation of ferromagnetism with diamagnetic and/or antiferromagnetic property. This work provides understanding of the role of exchange interaction of cation transition metals to integrate magnetic properties in lead-free ferroelectric materials for smart multifunctional electronic devices.
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