Abstract
Thermal annealing is performed as a post treatment to tune the color generated by pulsed laser processing of a titanium substrate surface. A comparison of the reflectance spectra before and after thermal annealing shows the peak shift, as well as an increase in overall reflectance, which demonstrates that the color hue changes and the lightness of color increases. Microscope image shows that additional blue and yellow colors on the titanium surfaces are generated through the thermal annealing treatment. Further analyses show that the rate and area of the color shift depend on the annealing temperature and duration. Chemical composition analyses reveal that a TiO2 layer is generated after the laser processing of the titanium surface. Post-thermal annealing causes further oxidation and generates Ti2O3. The tuning process and mechanism behind it are discussed.
Highlights
Color generation on metals and semiconductors is currently of high interest
This work proposes a novel method of tuning laser-generated color on a titanium surface through post-thermal annealing
Microscope images show that the macroscopic color of surface through post-thermal annealing
Summary
Color generation on metals and semiconductors is currently of high interest. For example, recently, material scientists from Toyota proposed using a type of structural blue paint with a 15 μm layer for vehicle surface coating. Its wide range of applications includes imprinting identification codes, decorative artwork, coating, and other types of useful information storage [1,2,3,4,5] Key techniques, such as plasmonic nanostructures, anodizing, and laser coloration, possess their own unique features [6,7,8]. Laser coloration has gained much attention due to its ability to achieve good spatial resolution through non-complex and speedy processes with low demands on critical experimental conditions [9,10,11,12] This technique involves surface irradiation, which causes the substrate material to react with different gases, usually oxygen, to generate multiple distinguishable colors
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