Tumor mRNA-Transfected Dendritic Cells Stimulate the Generation of CTL That Recognize Neuroblastoma-Associated Antigens, Kill Tumor Cells: Immunotherapeutic Implications

Abstract

Several observations suggest a potential role of T-cell- mediated immunity in the control of neuroblastoma (NB). However, the generation of NB-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) on T-cell priming with tumor mRNA-transfected dendritic cells (DC) has never been investigated before. In the present study, the feasibility of this strategy has been analyzed, both in healthy donors, in NB patients. Monocyte-derived DC were raised from three human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2+ NB patients, seven HLA-A1+ or HLA-A2+ healthy donors transfected with mRNA from four NB cell lines, cocultured with autologous CD8+ lymphocytes. Expanded CTL expressed an effector/memory phenotype, a T cytotoxic 1-like profile of cytokine secretion. CTL specificity was demonstrated by interferon-; release on incubation with HLA-matched NB cell lines. The latter cell lines, but not autologous T-cell blasts, were lysed by CTL in an HLA-restricted manner. Cytotoxicity was found to involve the release of granzyme B. When tested for reactivity against NB-associated antigens, CTL from normal individuals recognized anaplastic lymphoma-associated kinase (ALK), preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) peptides only, whereas patients' CTL reacted also to survivin, telomerase, tyrosine hydroxylase peptides. This study demonstrates that DC transfected with NB mRNA induce the generation of patients' CTL specific for different NB-associated antigens, supporting the feasibility of NB T-cell immunotherapy.