Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in patients with gynecological malignancy. Despite optimal cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, ovarian cancer disseminates and relapses frequently, with poor prognosis. Hence, it is urgent to find new targeted therapies for ovarian cancer. Recently, the tumor microenvironment has been reported to play a vital role in the tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer, especially with discoveries from genome-, transcriptome- and proteome-wide studies; thus tumor microenvironment may present potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Here, we review the interactions between the tumor microenvironment and ovarian cancer and various therapies targeting the tumor environment.
Highlights
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of common, lethal gynecologic malignancy (Cortez et al, 2018)
Around 90% of primary ovarian tumors are of epithelial origin (Colombo et al, 2010; Ledermann et al, 2013), so we mainly focus on evidence of epithelial ovarian cancer in this review
epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is classified into 3 grades by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) system (Colombo et al, 2010); in serous EOC, FIGO grade 1 is defined as low-grade while FIGO grade 2 and 3 are combined as high-grade (Bodurka et al, 2012)
Summary
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of common, lethal gynecologic malignancy (Cortez et al, 2018). This indicates the necessity of future studies focusing on TAM functional status in the context of tumor tissue types and stages of the disease; this is especially true with ovarian cancer as it has many histotypes and high heterogeneity.
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