Abstract
The development of biomimetic nanoparticles with functionalities of natural biomaterial remains a major challenge in cancer combination therapy. Herein, we developed a tumor-cell-derived exosome-camouflaged porous silicon nanoparticles (E-MSNs) as a drug delivery system for co-loading ICG and DOX (ID@E-MSNs), achieving the synergistic effects of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy against breast cancer. Compared with ID@MSNs, the biomimetic nanoparticles ID@E-MSNs can be effectively taken up by the tumor cell and enhance tumor accumulation with the help of the exosome membrane. ID@E-MSNs also retain the photothermal effect of ICG and cytotoxicity of DOX. Under 808 nm near infrared irradiation, ICG can produce hyperthermia to collapse E-MSNs nanovehicles, accelerate drug release, and induce tumor ablation, achieving effective chemo-photothermal therapy. In vivo results of 4T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice showed that ID@E-MSNs could accumulate tumor tissue and inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumor. Thus, tumor exosome-biomimetic nanoparticles indicate a proof-of-concept as a promising drug delivery system for efficient cancer combination therapy.
Highlights
Cancer with high mortality has become the leading cause of fatality worldwide (Bray et al, 2018), mainly due to the limited drug delivery system (Gelband et al, 2016)
A biomimetic nanocarrier system was assembled based on 4T1 tumor exosome-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for the coloading of indocyanine green (ICG) and DOX, hoping to combine chemotherapy and photothermal therapy against breast cancer efficiently
The formulation of exosome-camouflaged porous silicon nanoparticles (E-MSNs) was composed of three processes: 4T1 exosomes were derived from the culture supernatants of 4T1 cells by ultracentrifugation; the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthetized under the guidance of previous methods; 4T1 exosomes were mixed with MSNs and processed through extrusion, preparing E-MSNs
Summary
Cancer with high mortality has become the leading cause of fatality worldwide (Bray et al, 2018), mainly due to the limited drug delivery system (Gelband et al, 2016). An ideal drug delivery achieves therapeutic efficacy in cancer with enhanced thermal target and long blood circulation (Maeda et al, 2013). In order to improve the capacity of targeting tumor tissues, nanoparticles have been surface-modified by peptides or chemical biomacromolecules (Cheng et al, 2015). Nanoparticles as allogenic substances might be rapidly recognized and cleared away by the immune system (Salvati et al, 2013). The targeting ligands are not valid for all types of tumors because of the complexity of tumors and heterogeneity of human beings (Zhao et al, 2013)
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